Memorial trees & all TinTs from 2023 on …

Best & fairest - big old wilga TinT with scarred reverse TB

significant spiritual scarring on wilga TinT in Telinebone

This is where the wilga guest emerges from bimblebox host

Remember this is one tree photographed from different angles

The Gomeroi of Murrumanaarr created this astounding tree

Less than 1 K away is another TinT also scarred

This is a Bumble aka Wild orange TinT but the box host is dead

This is the scar on the host & it wont close as the box tree is dead

You can see both the scar & the guest Bumble in this photo

This is the most spectacular rosewood TinT Ive seen

There are deep old coolamons all around the box tree base

This very special tree lives in the neighbor's place on a sandhill ...

The sandhill is on the big warrambool which was the tribal boundary

between the Gomeroi & Euahlayi people with kinship/cultural ties

This tree is both a currant bush TinT and a Ringtree.

It lives on another neighbor's place and there is a well nearby

Ringtrees here show where water can be found

The well is in the sandhills & can still be clearly seen today.

The Gomeroi here liked to camp in sandy places with water

This currant bush TinT is also a Ringtree and is found at a billabong

this billabong is on a watercourse running into the warrambool

There are 2 other Ringtrees here but no more TinTs

This is the inosculation point where the branches were tied together to form a ring

Currant bush aka Warrior bush is the host for the caper butterfly

This big scarred box tree also lives on a neighboring property

The guest shown here is Pimelea microcephala.

other shrubs were planted in trees as well like Nepine & Saltbush

Shrubby rice flower has antibacterial properties so was highly valued

Pimelea microcephala was used to treat respiratory conditions

This bumble guest is growing in the bottom of a U shaped box tree.

The old U shaped box tree has a big scar on the southern trunk

I have made this new gallery for scarred TinTs like these so people ...

..will stop trying to tell me that birds were responsible for them !

This is one of the first scarred Trees in Trees I found.

The scar is shrinking over time & the guest wilga tree is growing

This tree is located on the new Priest paddock tank/ dam

Old Ted Fields watched the earthworks to make sure no CMTs were hurt

This special spiritual place has very special spiritual trees like this

This guest tree has died but I think it was a rosewood aka boonery

It makes a pair of TinTs with the other being a whitewood in dead box

I dont know the significance of the different guests species

but TinTs are often found in pairs. Different trees belonged to different totem groups

you can read all about the Euahlayi totems in Katie Langloh Parker's book

This is one of my favourite wilga TinTs & its also scarred

The wilga guest is quite inconspicuous. The box tree host is older than it looks

You can park in the shade of this TinT & never notice its 2 in 1

Unlike Peach bush, wilga do not sucker. This guest was PLANTED

This scarred wilga TinT is about 1 k away from the scarred bumble TinT

This big old dead box tree has an old peach bush growing out of it

the peach tree isnt looking too hot either!

there are 2 deep axe cuts in the trunk below the guest/ host junction

this doesnt prove the Gomeroi ancestors put the seed/ seedling there

but it does prove they were up there ...

the problem with peach bush guests is that they sucker rampantly

this scarred tree has peach bush growing out of it everywhere

so its hard to say if it was planted or suckered there

this scarred tree has 2 different guests, both are vines

one is the gargaloo - Parsonsia eucalyphylla aka gugumadharraa

the other is Nepine aka ngaybaan or Capparis lasiantha

now this is an interesting tree out in Warrambool paddock

another U-bend box- 1 half scarred & the other half a TinT

this is the guest-currant bush aka wayaarra or Apophyllum anomalum

and this is where it lives- Ive seen currant bush layered into trees

this old box tree lives on a neighboring property & is stunning

beside the big old scar grows a small tree-dont be fooled by its size

I think its a rosewood but could be a wilga or butterbush - V.old

here is another peach bush infested scarred box next door

again its not clear if the peach bush was planted or suckered there

There must be both a cultural & botanical reason for this

just need some Indig. & academic support to find the answers ????

Ive known this CMTinT for a long time. The host is poisoned

as you can see this big old box tree host is multiscarred

the guest here is rosewood aka boonery or Alectryon oleifolius

Im guessing the dead host is a bimblebox because its red soil

this combo is interesting because the scar is cut with a steel axe

the guest is gargaloo which is supposed to be poisonous

many of the camps here have lots of gargaloo growing

so it must have been useful/ important. Needs research ???

sadly this lovely old CMTinT is dead & lost forever.

I dont have the GPS data for this & its on a neighbor's property

Ive also lost this supplejack growing in big double scarred box

This quinine in the scarred box has died in the last 10 years

I think it suffered from too little light beside the big old fire box

how it grew & why it died-Google new research into 'wood wide web'

I suspect many TinTs have failed over the years ...

This is a smallish bumble living in a scarred coolabah

this type of scar is also found on ringbarked coolabahs

any damage causes scarring & the 1880's ringbarking often failed

Gomeroi here would still be practicing their culture in the 1880s

this box tree coolamon has peach bush growing up through it

I dont think the peach bush was planted rather it suckered its way in

peach bush aka Ehretia saligna is a very important cultural tree

all the old gomeroi camps are sheltered/ protected by peach bush

here is another peach bush CMTinT on Wailwun land

this peach bush was planted here in the this closed up scar

this Wailwun camp in a black box swamp about 10 ks from Cuddie springs

there are no sandhills there but the swamp centre is sandy

here is another CMTinT from the same swamp but the guest is wilga

again the scar looks like a failed ringbarking attempt?

there are over a dozen wilga TinTs in the swamp around this camp.

this shield shaped coolamon has 2 guests growing in the base

the guests are wilga & Nepine or possibly a small bumble?

Capparis mitchelli or Capparis lasiantha? I think its a Nepine aka ngaybaan

possibly the only double guest CMTinT ?

This a small whitewood tree growing high up in a dead scarred box

this whitewood aka Atalaya hemiglauca is way older than it looks

you can see the scar is cultural because of the stone axe burls

whitewood guests live high up in their hosts - think the Indig. name is birraa?

This scarred coolabah on the Gingie rd songline looks like a CMTinT

but Jen thinks its just an unusually shaped mistletoe

Allo spotted this a few weeks ago - good eyes- not so good phone camera

this looks more like a coolabah branch then a guest tree

these leaves look like wild lime but there are coolabah leaves at the end of the branch

Russell Fairfax is a handy climber so we will get him to look next time they come

there are 2 guests - peach bush & nepine growing out of this scartree

the scarred trunk has broken off but is kept alive by 2 epicormic shoots

peach bush has suckered up through the edge of the scar

The peach bush guest was probably not planted inside this scartree

There are many TinTs around this camp on the billabong here in TB

recovering old peach bush guest in dead box at culvert camp TB

another peach bush CMTinT in near the billabong in Telinebone

Its not possible to know if peach bush was planted in this coolamon

Its possible these sloping coolamons were used for potty training?

Pimelea microcephala planted in big old scarred box

The stems of this shrub contains tough fibre for rope making.

new CMTinT at Avon near the old water catchment

the guest is a small rosewood aka Alectryon oleifolius

the rosewood guest doesnt get much sunlight so remains small

this camp is 100 mts or so from the catchment with the V.old coolabah

The natural water catchment was vital & is surrounded by ringtrees

This CMTinT is really a fake I think

I think the small peach bush guest has suckered its way into the scar

here you see the small peach bush next to big axtrax burl

the scar itself is magnificent like most Tungra scars

but I dont think the peach bush seed/ seedling was planted in it

This currant bush CMTinT is cultural but the scar is small

here is the currant bush guest growing a long way up in a dead stump

here is the small axe cut scar - seems like the box tree was marked

This is more likely a memorial tree in Tungra

believe it or not growing a tree in a solid non eucalypt is possible

in this case its a bumble aka Wild orange growing in a dead ironwood

they have cut a small coolmon out of the host to channel rain maybe?

the bumble roots must be down inside the divided ironwood trunk

like the wilga in ironwood in WB these guests are stressed & woody

ironwood is v.hard as the name suggests so this CMTinT shouldnt be possible

here we have a peach bush growing out of a double scarred box

the peach bush emerges from the smaller scar at a 45' angle

It is possible the peach bush suckered up into the host?

Its also possible it was grown there as a memorial !

the nearest peach bush is quite a distance away so Im with the memorial

There are simply too many CMTinTs to be flukes

this is another double scarred box with a currant bush guest.

there is a deep old standard type scar & a small scar where the currant bush emerges

I think they cut into the cambium to plant the current bush & left a scar

unfortunately this CMTinT is obscured by a big supplejack

If I had driven past the other side I would have missed the currant bush

not easy to photograph but not easy to forget either

This would have to be the most spectacular CMTinT Ive seen so far

Here you can see the scar on one side with the 2 mature guests hanging out the other

The big box host is dead & the rosewood guest has died back to its base

here is the rosewood reshoot - the big peach bush is thriving

here you see rosewood roots exposed suggesting the host crotch may have been bigger originally?

this is a closer view showing the scar & the trunk bases of the guests

another peach bush growing in a scarred box tree host

This peachbush guest could have suckered itself up thru the old box

This is a really weird CMTinT - 2 dead guests in a scarred box stump

you can see how the old scar has been cut to make a wooden pot

the epicormic shoots come either from the scar or wooden 'pot'

to complicate matters the 'pot' seems to cut with a steel axe

the bigger of the dead guests was a budda tree (Eremophila mitchellii)

the smaller guest has been dead longer & is hard to identify

this CMTinT has a Pimelea microcephala growing out of the scar top

Ive only noticed 2 P. microcephalas in Tungra - both living as guests in boxtrees

this is a memorial to some one important who has died years ago

the box host also has a long almost closed scar on the reverse side

Pimelea microcephala aka shrubby rice-flower is a powerful medicinal

This is a very significant spiritual tree its a shame no one is interested

This bumble in dead box in Tungra has multiple scars

Its among a group of 5 TinTs in the most southern paddock

the 5 TinTs are all old, all have different guests & all are within 100 mts

This is a very old camp & is undisturbed. There are no small TinTs

This double dead is on the outskirts of the main camp in Wallangilla

the box tree host was poisoned in the 1980s & the wilga guest died recently

this deep coolamon on the trunk makes me reclassify it as a memorial tree

this classification is arbitrary & may turn out to be incorrect

If we had a botanist to help we might find out more about the symbiotic relationship between host & guest

This tree removes all doubt that the people at murrumanaarr grew trees in other trees

as you get closer you can see this is a Ringtree as well as a TinT

closer still you can see the guest Bumble aka Wild orange is planted in this old scar

you can see how they have cut into the scar with an axe to make a place for the guest

from this angle you can clearly see the man made crotch on this box tree

There can be no denying this is the work of the Gomeroi aka Kamilaroi ancestors

they also added a 'Ring' to indicate underground water perhaps?

or just for the hell of it? when do 'modifications' become art?

whitewood guest in old scarred box on NN

Ive included this TinT in the memorial archive because the broken trunk is scarred

this scarred section has broken off but its still clearly an old scar

the guest is small compared to the host but bigger is not always older

here is a rare 50:50 tree where half is box & half is rosewood

the only other 50:50 tree is over 30 ks north & is a box/ redgum combo

Im making it 'memorial' as the rosewood stump has been cut with a stone axe

you can see how the rosewood has been planted in the box tree

these trees are not side by side. Rosewood aka Boonery (Alectryon_oleifolius)

TinTs are often in pairs - you can see a dead budda in box nearby ..

20 mts away from the 50:50 tree - probability of natural causes - 0 %

This currant bush in coolabah TinT out in Goorie is also a ring tree

here is the ring - this memorial tree is not on the paleochannel btw

the ancestors could grow anything in anything anywhere

one branch has been rerooted & is growing away - a work in progress

this memorial tree is a wilga in scarred box with big epicormic shoot

the scar & the epicormic shoot are the same age. Its not known when the wilga was added

this is the neighborhood where the memorial tree lives - its the furthest away

what are the chances of this wilga growing in the old box naturally?

the wilga doesnt look as old but guests grow at different rates than normal

botanists specializing in native trees are needed if there is anyone out there?

new pic showing where the scar was opened up to insert bumble guest

this TinT lives along the Ginghet that flows out of the Macquarie marshes.

The Ginghet only flows in floods now but was more reliable before irrigation

the wilga guest was planted where the central trunk used to be

as you can see the central trunk/ bole was removed with a stone axe.

its this stone axe cut that puts this TinT in the "memorial" archive

This is another Ginghet memorial tree - wilga in dead black box

I think there were 2 guests but 1 has died as you can see here

the dead box host has been "carved" - the only known carved TinT

the carving has grown over slightly but you can still see it here

And here. Ive seen this 5 cornered star scar here on Gomeroi land

the Ginghet runs through Wailwun land & the clans intermarried

this old coolabah plays host to a currant/ warrior bush guest

this coolabah TinT was also a possum tree many years ago.

they built a small fire in this hollow trunk to smoke out a possum

I think they planted currant bush fruits in here for sustainability

emus love the fruit too so possibly an emu pooped the seeds in there?

Hahaha emus cant climb. Humans, or more specifically, Gomeroi did this

another old coolabah with a currant bush guest on the neighbours place

Coolabahs seem to host only currant bush or bumble - why is this so?

Ive put this TinT in the memorial archive because the marked stump

you can see it closer here-a carved line on the stone axe cut stump

there is also cutting/ carving here - unless its just borers?

I will give it the benefit of the doubt. Coolabah hosts are not common

Ive driven past this memorial tree a dozen times but dismissed it

because the guest currant bush is at ground level its tricky

so today I got off my arse & had a good look around ...

the currant bush guest is definitely growing inside the box tree

sometimes you just need to get off your bum & have a proper look

I have so why dont you?

this peach bush in bimble box isnt new - Ive just reclassified it

There are a few peach bush TinTs at this camp but this host is scarred

as you can see from this guest/ host junction, the peach bush has lived here a long time

This camp is on the edge of a big coolabah swamp with a well

the well goes dry in extreme drought but atm there is plenty of water

I think the peach bush guests at this camp are architectural not memorial

Kurrajong in scarred coolabah - Burrendong way Wellington

1st time Ive seen a Kurrajong guest but Jen knows of another I think

this guest has seeded a cluster of smaller kurrajongs at the base

The host is very old & the scar deep. There will be others on Wiradjuri country

husband Charlie is a good stand in when you havent got a kelpie handy

1st Wiradjuri TinT but it wont be the last - anyone interested?

This TinT is a memorial to someone from the eagle hereditary totem

the eagle mark can be found on other dead trees at camps here

this mark is also on a dead tree in the GGS camp on Wailwan country

this memorial tree at the moonal has 2 eagle marks

This totem mark would on the persons chest as a "mombarai" or cicatrix

the old rosewood guest is a sub totem of the eagle hawk group

among the Gomeroi the "mombarai"scars of your clan are engraved ...

on the tree where you were buried. The eagle marks are preserved on this dead eucalypt

These 2 trees combine to form a memorial or signify a woman's place

the guest is a small rosewood/ boonery tree & the host is coolabah

Coolabah trees are less generous hosts than Bimblebox

the guests are small and restricted to 6 species

Nepine Currant bush Boobialla Rosewood Whitewood & Bumble

Ive seen this peach bush in a big old box in the feedlot swamp before

Im reclassifying it here as the fallen central bole is cut for 'resources'

this stone axe cut slot is for extracting a recalcitrant possum

possibly a goanna but they are more common & accessible?

this is a 'resource extraction' CMT with a peach bush guest.

here is the old peach bush guest - a pay back for use of the original trunk

This peach bush infested box tree is also getting reclassified

you need to up close to see whats going on

in this photo you can see the long cultural on the old box trunk

here is where the guest emerges from the top of the scar

they cut into the top of the scar here to plant the peach bush

My TinT Gallery is full so Im using this one for all TinTs in 2023

Its not statistically possible that of the 30 coolabah TinTs none have wilga or peach bush guests in them

Wilga & Peach bush are the most common Box tree guests - why dont they grow in coolabahs?

Because they were only planted in box trees like this super high one RT

V.high peach bush guest - planted not suckered RT

I usually dont record Thorny saltbush guests but this one is huge RT

I dont think Thorny saltbush grows in coolabah trees either?

Whitewood does though but is more commonly its found in bimblebox

here you see it growing part way up a slanted box tree RT

Butter bush are not found in Coolabahs but they are a relatively rare guest

this one is growing very low down the trunk like the box grew around it

This supplejack in box is the opposite - the guest SJ is smaller than nearby SJ

but who is the parent here? Has the guest SJ died back & regrown periodically in the past?

Supplejack in dead box stump at DD camp on Tungra

big supplejack guests are uncommon - they start off as a vine T23

This is the first fallen double dead Ive seen - the guest is unknown

if this DD had fallen the other way the guests would have rotted away

luckily you can still see the guest's root system from inside the boxtree

This huge wilga in dead box is simply awesome - DD camp Tungra

the huge wilga has outcompeted the old box tree

unusual - mostly wilga & box trees co exist for hundreds of years

I think that this TinT combo is the same age as the Double Dead

Probably a memorial tree as its also scarred - did the well water fail?

this is a pimelea microcephala SHrub inTree. Definitely cultural

Not only were trees planted in other trees but shrubs/ bushes were too

like Rhagodia species the "shrubby rice flower" lives for a very long time

Peach bush growing in the soil beside Peach bush growing in a box tree

I think the TinT Pb is the parent of the conventional Pb

smaller due to restricted sunlight nutrients & water but older

this guest is a rosewood aka boonery - Alectryon oleifolius

little is known about the rosewood but its hard to germinate

the Gomeroi of murra-manaarr didnt seem to have a problem though?

In this Peach bush camp there are 4 big old Pb in box TinTs

There are a few small Pb guests but they have probably suckered

I dont record these anymore - the whole camp is a mass of Pb

this is biggest Peach bush guest - almost as big as its box tree host

Pb have bright green leaves & are easy to see growing in eucalypts

they only grow in bimblebox - if TinTs were natural

there would be Peach bush in coolabah as well - also Wilga

here is another P.b in box TinT near by. This Pb is smaller

but would have been planted at the same time

its circumstances are less favourable so it hasn't grown as well

another big Peach bush in Box TinT at this camp - PB camp

the box has a closed up coolamon so its very old by definition

This would be classified a "memorial" tree previously in 2022

I am simply out of space to record the amount of TinTs here

This Pb in box is close to the other 3 at this camp

I would have classified it a 'memorial' tree previously due to the scar

Did they cut this crotch to plant the Pb or plant the Pb to compensate?

Not all guests are trees - many are shrubs or vines like this one

I only record the really big or old looking ones like this

This old bumble in box guest is coming toward the end of its life

just how long that life has been nobody knows

the bump at the base of the box gives away its creators

this wilga in box is probably the same age as the bumble in box

we know the old people created these TinTs but we dont know why?

they cant all have been memorials to a loved one can they?

and why are some guests so small? Delayed germination probably

seeds can be dormant for hundreds even thousands of years

trees like this are not seen, researched or protected in Australia

Ask your Elders, Land councils, universities why not? Then let me know ...

Pimelea growing in dead funnel on a a multitrunked box tree

you can see how this funnel has been burnt on the inside only RT

check this out ... only the 2nd leafless cherry guest ever found? RT

Leafless cherry/ ballart aka Exocarpus aphyllus has edible fruit

The Noongar also boiled the stems for colds, sores & poultices

leafless cherry is "hemiparasitic" - feeding off the roots of a host plant

leafless cherries are widespread on the floodplains

usually found beside Coolabahs never inside bimblebox bases

here is a wilga growing in a box crotch but looking stressed RT

normally wilga guests are found lower down the trunk than this

this summer has been very dry after after 3 wet years

here is an old bumble growing in the base of a box tree RT

the central trunk has been removed leaving a ground level crotch

this is typical around this area on the neighbours place

Ive displayed this triple TinT before - but the guests have grown

Pimelea & rosewood are intertwined while the little wilga is apart

another astonishing double TinT on the neighbour's place

both the rosewood & the currant bush guests are doing well

the box tree beside this double TinT has the eagle mark carved on it

the eagle symbol has been found on another TinT & other CMTs

I think this is the memorial for a person of the eagle totem

again the guest, or at least one of them, is a rosewood too

another double guest TinT but this is a Peach bush & Nepine combo

this TinT is very close to 2 other Peach bush TinTs in a trio

small wilting wilga in box on the neighbours

this wilga guest is way older than it looks I reckon

Wilga in Box is the 2nd most common TinT combo RT

There are not many CMTs around this Currant bush TinT RT

there is, however, this unique Belah ringtree nearby

There are many currant bush TinTs on this country

this one is typical of the Apophyllum anomalum in box variety

you could easily walk past this Budda in Box & never notice it KW

some TinTs stand out like dog's wotsits but not often

you have to actively look for TinTs - some are relatively small

if there are no other CMTs around they are likely to be natural

Probably the most astonishing TinT Ive ever seen!

This is the very old very dead Ironwood (Acacia excelsa) host

this is the mature rosewood (Alectryon oleifolius) guest

How is it possible to grow a tree inside a SOLID tree ???

todays botanists & arborists know bugga all in comparison

the old clever people did this & they need to be acknowledged

not so far away is another smallish wilga in a big box tree

I think the growth of the guest depends mostly on its position

wilgas for example need plenty of sunlight to thrive

we dont count nepine as a true guest unless its very old

despite the fact its living in a stone axe cut box crotch

what about thorny saltbush? That would be a can of worms ...

we do count the shrubby rice flower (Pimelea microcephala)

as its a known medicinal plant (antibacterial/ antimicrobial)

here is an interesting small whitewood TinT beside a big whitewood

the box host is a CMT which makes it likely the guest is planted

but the whitewood guest is small & the adjacent whitewood big

it looks like it was naturally seeded not planted - tricky one!

this is a supplejack in box TinT nearby which is also a bit tricky

young supplejacks are vines & are found growing on other trees

'on' is not 'in' & we count supplejacks (Ventilago viminalis) as guests

this small wilga TinT nearby is not straight forward either

for a start the host has been cut with a chainsaw?

also there are other shrubs - dying thorny saltbush & something else

also around this area on the neighbours is another pine in box TinT

I think this is pine TinT number 4 but this one is the biggest

the box crotch looks like it was cut with a stone axe

another smallish but oldish currant bush TinT - RT

the currant bush is where the caper butterfly lay eggs/ pupa

aka warrior bush which came from the Euahlayi "wayaarra"

my old friend - the rosewood TinT with 4 deep coolamons

currant bush is the most common TinT guest around this area

the small purple fruit are quite yummy & a favourite of emus

I dunno why there are so many currant bush TinTs along the big Warrambool?

Another Wilga in box in the TinT style of this warrambool country

this box host is also a CMT - see the coolamon on 1 of its trunks

the guest is growing in the base of the box where the main trunk used to be

I used to have a different archive for CMTinTS or memorial trees

but I ran out of space - wouldnt that tell you something ???

small whitewood in big box on Wailwun country

this whitewood is probably older than it looks

This is an Eremophila growing as a guest in a box tree on Avon

It could be E.longifolia or E.bignoniiflora or maybe a butterbush?

another old thorny saltbush in box in the Avon house camp

Ginghet guests - some tiny some huge! Like this big old wilga in box

the question here is - Did the wilga out-compete the old bimblebox?

Or was the wilga planted in a dead box stump?

Both guest & host are very old so would be cultural without a doubt

a short distance away is this little rosewood in big bimblebox.

Its possible this little rosewood is the same age as the big wilga

The difference in growing conditions may account for the size differential..

this wilga TinT lives beside the Ginghet. The host has been poisoned

the 2022 floods have killed many scrub trees along the Ginghet

Not this guest however. Wilgas are very tough drought tolerant trees

But they hate wet feet! Prolonged flooding has probably killed this guest

not only are conventionally growing wilgas dead here

Wilga guests have also turned up their toes - shame

floods dont seem to bother whitewood guests?

this host has also been poisoned years ago but the guest is fine.

this is actually a double - the smaller guest has died - probably saltbush

this wilga guest has also fallen victim to waterlogging

same age as the last wilga double dead & very close together

other flood casualties incl. budda rosewood & leopardwood

I think this is a reshoot not a TinT

The dead host & reshoot would be coolabah or blackbox

this old blackbox plays host to 2 guests - whitewood & nepine

again the guests seem young because they are small

blackbox is the 2nd most common host out of 6-700 TinTs

I think this host is a blackbox too with a dead shrub guest

This last TinT is the most common combo - wilga in bimblebox

see how tight the fit is - the box crotch has closed around the wilga trunk

The Wailwun people have created this TinT not nature

Truth is stranger than fiction - wilga growing out the top of a leopardwood tree

special wailwun TinT combo near the Ginghet floodplain

3 of these multi trunks have been cut off with a steel axe for fenceposts?

this crotch contains a currant bush guest that has been there longer than its size suggests

the wilga beside this TinT has been modified send out a shoot that is threaded back thru

the chances of this dual use combo occurring naturally would be 0

this is another dual use TinT but this time the guest has been cut for stock feed

wilga like many of the 20 odd TinT guests is edible and used in times of drought

I think the box tree host may have been 'rung' in the past

Ringbarking often failed as box trees just reshot below or beside the wound

here is your more 'normal' wilga in bimble box TinT

slightly away from the Ginghet floodplain but near a good tank

Tanks were dug in the late 1800s at natural water catchments or depressions

this is not a TinT but a reshoot on a poisoned or rung blackbox

This wilga/ box combo comes perilously close to a 50:50 tree ?????

this is a small rosewood in blackbox on the Ginghet floodplain

coolibahs & blackbox are very similar but the coolibah is barkless on its extremities

rosewood & whitewood are also similar but have different coloured wood

here is a big wilga in a dead blackbox or bimblebox.

the dead host wouldnt have been a coolabah because they didnt create that combo

why they didnt plant wilga or peach bush in coolibahs may be to do with totems

I know this TinT is cultural because this branch has been cut with a stone axe

this double dead combo must also be cultural for the same reason

this is a recently drowned wilga growing (was) in a poisoned box tree

this is how I know the box host was poisoned - these are Tordon cuts

There are many drowned wilgas & buddas along the Ginghet incl. TinTs

The flood was longer than usual due to continual water releases from Burrrendong dam

Back on Gingie I noticed one of the currant bush TinT guests has died

Box host of the biggest TinT here is dropping branches regularly

smallish butterbush in box on neighbouring property

interestingly the conventional butterbush beside looks the same age?

the guest is growing in a split or a healed scar on the box tree host

This is a wilga in box TinT located in a sandhill near the Barwon

the box host looks way older than the wilga guest

another wilga in box near the Barwon - this one is much bigger

This camp has 10 TinTs in total & is about 0.41 ks across

there is water under the sand here like at Gingie accessed by wells

here is another classic wilga TinT closeby

you can see how the box takes the top story & the wilga the bottom

classic & undeniably cultural. Wilga & box - a perfect fit!

this wilga guest at this Barwon camp has died unfortunately.

the box trunk has split leaving the wilga's roots exposed..

Wilga & bimblebox combo TinTs seem to be the most successful.

so this is another wilga TinT from the Barwon camp

you can see how the wilga guest emerges from the closing scar

although the wilga guest isn't big doesn't mean its not old ...

this is a peach bush in box TinT at this Barwon camp

On the edge of a farming paddock you can see in the background

This PB guest may have suckered in here? Or been planted here & eaten off

here is a tiny rosewood guest living in a huge box tree on the Ginghet

there is another tiny guest as well - probably native jasmine

lack of sunlight prevents these guests from growing I think

this is another Ginghet BinT - the dead guest is a shrub of some sort

the dying guest is a climbing saltbush - the host is a big blackbox I think

another small wilga in box TinT in Priest paddock Gingie

there are 3 guests in this crotch - wilga, climbing saltbush & the other is dead

Im guessing the dead guest is a quinine but its way older than it looks

so this wilga TinT is way more complex than it appears in this pic

Another wilga TinT in Priest - this one is old - how have I missed it?

its been planted in a box stump & is the age of those epicormic shoots

this box tree has been cut down & the stump has been replanted

this happened a long time ago - amazed I havent come across this 1 before?

back on Gingie this is a smallish Quinine in box TinT

you can see how its growing now one of the multi trunks has fallen

Perhaps the hollow trunk was stuffed with seed?

here is a big old Peach bush living in a big old deeply scarred box tree

this is another of the 10 TinTs on a sandhill near the Barwon river

the Peach bush guest has totally infested this old box as you can see

another fascinating Peach bush TinT in an old scarred box

the Pb has suckered all around the base of the scar

and on the ground all around this old box tree in a ring cluster

this is the only non Pb or wilga guest at this camp - Pimelea microcephala

Pimelea was an important medicinal shrub often found as a guest

adjacent to that is a wilga in box TinT - typical & timeless

you can see how embedded the wilga guest is

it didnt come down in the last shower - planted & protected

another Peach bush CMTinT -the fallen log has an old scar on it

the growing Pb guest may have pushed out this tri - trunk

by falling out the scarred trunk has let more light in for the Pb

this is another Leafless cherry/ ballart living in a coolabah root/ trunk

the Exocarpus aphyllus has died but its still firmly wedged

there is another stump also wedged in the encircling roots

the root might be a lateral shoot that has been forced down low?

if the twisted roots grew around the guest - how old must it be? Incredible!

spot the TinT ? Whitewood guests like the upper stories ...

there's a fallen branch on the ground from the guest crotch or the coolamon

guest trees need plenty of sunlight to get this tall - reach for the sky

high peach bush in box in the old camp beside the airstrip

deliberately planted by the gomeroi "arbortects" of Murramanaarrr

this TinT is 500 mtrs from my house but I hadnt noticed it before

here is the scar on the other side of this TinT - deliberate epiphytes not accidental

also this nepine/ Capparis lasiantha in box at the same camp

look up & live - you may find a TinT or BinT where you least expect

This TinT is over on Wailwun country south of Cuddie springs

The wilga guest seems to have put a root out of the box tree crotch

Or the wilga guest has grown into the box crotch & rerooted there?

whatever - its still a TinT growing in a 400 mm / 16" rainfall zone

As is this double guest wilga & climbing saltbush TinT nearby

this is the guest/ host junction - does this look accidental to you?

If you cant see wailwun hands all over this combo you are blind

On the other hand this BinT could well be naturally occuring

various saltbushes (Rhagodia) colonise old eucalypt crotches

this shrub - Pimelea microcephala - is often planted in eucalypts

even tho its small I still think this guest is deliberate not accidental

for the doubting Thomas's I give you the 50:50 trees

this is where they have planted & grown 2 species in 1 trunk

in this case a wilga has been grown within the base of a box tree

these 2 in 1 trees are rare and only found at the best camps

if you think this is a freak of nature you need better glasses ...

you can find this between Cuddie springs & the Marra creek

another wilga in box TinT between the Marra & Cuddie springs

the box has 2 big scars - the peach bush guest is growing out of 1

here is the scar on the other side of the host without any guest

and here is the scar from where the Peach bush grows out of

the piece de resistance of this wailwun swamp is this ancient TinT

the V.old wilga guest seems to have out competed its host

after battling it out for centuries the wilga has split open & killed its host

here is the wilga rootball - what an epic battle for survival

If you think this awesome combo is 'accidental' you have rocks in your head

not epic just an ordinary every day peach bush in box TinT

the peach bush has been planted here - not suckered in

this stump was cut with a stone axe next to the peach bush guest

This peach bush has suckered into the dead scartree - not a TinT

However this peach bush has been planted into its host

if you've seen as many peach bush TinTs as me you tell the difference

this is another peach bush in box TinT near the sandhill

the guest is not so big but size & age doesnt always correlate

talking 16" rainfall & living within a living eucalypt host

just metres away another Peach bush TinT

this is why they are the most common guest colonisers

new triple TinT at old wells. 2X Peach bush & 1 Rosewood

here is one of the Peach bush guests - small but old

here is the Rosewood guest identified by [email protected]

you can see the 2nd Peach bush guest better in this photo

Here is another Peach bush TinT but the eucalypt host is dead

the Peach bush may have suckered its way in there not necessarily planted

This Peach bush has suckered its way into the old box tree scar

The murramanaarr sandhills are full of peach bush clusters

Budda (Eremophila mitchellii) does not sucker

This Budda has been planted in this Bimble box by the Gomilaroi ancestors.

The crotch looks like it has been cut with a steel axe

Another small peach bush TinT that Ive missed in this area

I think this one has suckered in as well

Here is a Whitewood in box over on Wailwun country

There is a Paleochannel there similar to this one but on a smaller scale

Whitewood guests are often found growing high up in their hosts

This Peach bush cluster in a nearby swamp contains one PbTinT

Its probably small because its sharing a crotch with a thorny saltbush

This Peach bush guest in the adjacent swamp is reaching out for sunlight

you can see its living in a stump thats part of the box tree host

This native jasmine VinT is not counted in the total as its common

another peach bush in box in the Marra creek paleochannel

its growing within the old trunk edge of a reshot box tree

This P.b could have suckered in there as well but hard to say

This beauty is a rare Leopardwood TinT with 2 X large scars

I only know of 2 other Leopardwood TinTs - both quite small

1 scar has broken off giving the Leopardwood more sunlight

this is the other scar around the back of the box tree host

This is a memorial tree & may have been used as a repository for bones

across the track is a big old Rosewood TinT with a Nepine as well

Both the Rosewood & the Nepine have been there a long time

both crotches have been cut with a stone axe. This TinT is also special

This may be a burial ground but we will never know

the third special tree here is a supplejack & thorny saltbush TinT

Supplejacks are often found growing ON eucalypts but not IN

A lot of time & care went into growing this group of 3 special TinTs

I think this Peach bush was planted in this old box tree not suckered in

you can see how its older & deeper rooted. Also its close to the "specials"

Pb is the most common guest but its a rampant suckerer so that maybe why?

These are the impossible TinTs that do my head in ...

this Wilga guest is growing in a solid Ironwood host!

Ironwood aka Acacia excelsa aka dhan.gayan.gan is solid

Unlike eucalypts that hollow out with age - so where do the roots go?

Both wilga & ironwood are healthy & living a few 100 metres from my house.

dead unknown guest in Telinebone cluster

this is not a box reshoot but I dunno what species this guest is? Possibly butterbush?

Peach bush suckers up thru live & dead box trees along paleochannels

because old box trees are hollow inside & peach bush is a rampant suckering tree

peach bush (Ehretia saligna) clusters are found almost all the old camps here

This big old coolabah at Sparkes warrambool bridge has a tiny guest

It could be a number of species - wilga rosewood eurah beefwood black wattle

I think its either rosewood or black wattle - wilga's leaves droop downwards

black wattle was used as a fish poison so it would be useful at the big waterhole

this is a much bigger TinT guest already recorded at Sparkes warrambool

further down the warrambool there is a small wilga in blackbox

I walked south along Sparkes Warrnambool for some ks but only found this

There were no sandy places to camp along this warrambool aka the Mungeroo

My friend Pricsilla & I found this peach bush in massive box 2 vweeks ago

Its actually a double with a small currant bush growing in the box crotch too

the central trunk was removed a very long time ago

probably to make a filter for the well somewhere nearby

not all peach bush guests sucker into their hosts. Many are planted like this one

this spindly little guest is a Quinine tree aka gadibundhu

Its scientific name is Alstonia constricta & its mid common

It is medicinal & Priscilla says the bark is used as black dye as well

smallish Budda in box in the murra-manaarr paleochannel

Budda aka badha (Eremophila mitchellii) is another important tree

Budda is often multi-stemmed but when it grows as a guest it has only 1 trunk

this old scartree is infested with peach bush

Ive recorded a similar scarred box with peach bush exiting everywhere

there are 2 in this area that look very similar & the gps data is unreliable

here we have a small wilga unusually high up in a box tree

wilga aka dhiil is used at burials as well as being a medicine

wilga is one of the most common guests but only in box or blackbox

this is a small supplejack in box nearby. Reasonably common guest

Ventilago viminalis aka ganayanay is used for making fire

here is a small Pimelea micrcephala guest & 2 stone axe cut stumps

I think this is another quinine in box in Telinebone

the leaves are quite similar to peach bush

but the bark is quite distinctive & it suckers less in the sand

smallish wilga in blackbox just off the Billybingbone rd

dont let the size of this wilga guest fool you into thinking its young

there are plenty of small wailwun wilga TinTs just biding their time

This peach bush TinT lives in another swamp nearby

the guest is growing out of an old scar or suckered up thru

this peach bush guest has suckered up thru an old stump

this P.b guest has also emerged from a box tree scar

this is a supplejack growing out of a dead eucalypt stump

same Billybingbone rd paleochannel intersection

looks like the stump has been cut with a steel axe

this box crotch contains a small Pimelea - powerful medicine

nearby is a wilga in box stump - think the epicormic shoot is alive

this box stump looks like its been cut with stone axe not steel

see how uneven the top of the stump looks - Wailwun axe

this peach bush has suckered into the dead box scar

this prone peach bush guest is ancient. It may be the parent of all the others

here is where it emerges out of an old box tree - broken open

The P.b has either grown out in search of light or has fallen out

this is a wailwun central camp with a dichondra carpet on Billybingbone rd

another suckering peach bush in box on the Marra ck paleochannel

this P.b in box is way more interesting - it may have suckered in there

but that was a long time ago ... old hosts & old guests along Billybingbone rd

The P.b has grown thru all the hollow spaces of the old box tree

this old box is also totally infested with Peach bush

like an invasive cancer the guest spreads thru the old hollow box tree

this peach bush has suckered up & thru this dead box

so has this one - feeding off the decaying box tree's nutrients

guests vary - some are trees, some are bushes & some are grass

some are also vines like this gargaloo (Parsonsia eucalyptophylla)

more suckering peach bush on a dead box tree - ringbarked

looks like a steel axe cut in there. South of Billybingbone rd

this P.b/ box TinT is a mess. dead branches & peach bush everywhere

here is the guest host junction - more suckered than planted

Yet another peach bush growing out of a box crotch from this swamp

boring to enter & no doubt boring to read ...

at last a new guest - Pimelea microcephala in blackbox I think

small but old I reckon but important for the medicinal needs of the clan

this pimelea TinT is bigger growing on the Billybingbone rd

where it intersects with the Marra cr paleochannel

technically a BinT but counted as a tinT unlike Thorny saltbush

Wilga in box stone axe cut stump Marra ck paleochannel

Wilga TinTs are the most common on Wailwun country

There are more Peach bush TinTs but most are suckered not planted

this big wilga TinT nearby is both unusual & majestic

normally wilga guests are planted in boxtree crotches lower down the trunk

midtree wilga guests are rarer & usually small

this wilga has been living in this box tree a long time ...

as has this whitewood in box which normally lives high in its box host

whitewood guests are quite common here but less so in wailwun country

There is less variation of guests south of cuddie springs

This old dead box is totally infested with suckering peach bush

Its found on a billabong of what was heavily visited camp

you can see the peach bush poking out thru holes in the decaying box

this massive old peach bush cluster is home to some creature

every stump & crotch is full of suckering peach bush on this billabong

Another common guest over on the Marra ck paleochannel

is pimelea microcephala aka shrubby rice flower shrubby rice l

here is a bigger one but size is not a true indicator of age with guests

the pimelea is a powerful medicinal shrub.

very few camps dont have it growing conventionally or as a BinT

Also the common wilga tree - growing in the ground or as a TinT

Wilga is the 2nd most common guest after Peach bush

but peach bush has often suckered into box hosts rather than being planted

really I think wilga is the most common true guest by a long margin

rosewood is also a common guest. They are believed to sucker too

they dont sucker into box trees as guests - Ive never seen this

rosewood TinTs are a usually a long way any conventionally growing rosewood

In 3 years this sick currant bush TinT has deteriorated into a double dead

there are strange marks are on the dead guest (Currant bush)

this ex-mystery guest is a bimblebox like the dead host - a reshoot not TinT

there used to be a boobialla in this box tree crotch as well

some guests are dying now - old age or over competition?

I think this may be another 50:50 tree along the warrambool

Its a whitewood & coolabah but no other CMTs nearby so ?

This supplejack TinT is about 10 mtrs from a heavy old gringing stone

this supplejack has been growing in the box tree base for ages

there is a sandy camp nearby with another TinT & ringtree as well

this is a Mirrii (Exocarpus aphyllus) in box in our Warrambool paddock.

Mirrii are semi-parasitic, requiring the roots of a host tree

the wood in the centre is the scar face of the missing central bole.

how did they get a root hemiparasite to grow in an above ground box crotch?

here is a big wilga TinT at the same camp along the Warrambool

This belah dominant camp also had permanent water

I think I may have finally found all the camps in this paddock!

there are thousands of trees & lignum filled Warrnambool channels

Compare that big old wilga guest with this tiny little one ????

technically this is a double TinT in Priest paddock

we dont count Climbing saltbush aka Einadia nutans as its naturally occurring.

this is only recorded as a Currant bush TinT of which there are many

nepine (Capparis lasiantha) is also not counted as a TinT

this big old box beside the bone TinT also has a secret

very big branches have broken off the tree & in the centre is an old guest

I know its a guest as its under termite attack where box trees are immune

here is the fallen guest beside the big old box - I think its a rosewood

This astonishing supplejack in box is over on the Billybingbone rd

I call these 50:50 trees for obvious reasons. There are only about 6 of them all up

Billybingbone rd is a songline & there are a dozen or so TinTs along the road

there is an old camp here with an old manipulated myall & some mulga

where the Ginghet crosses Billbingbone rd there are 2 wilga TinTs

the biggest wilga guest is in a dead stump that may be an old coolabah

there is a pimelea in there as well making this a double TinT

this maybe a 50:50 tree as well as wilga were not planted in coolibah here

the big black box across the road has a small wilga guest

Its possible the wailwun grew wilga in coolibah but Ive never seen it before?

This is a mystery that will never be solved as no one cares either way

This TinT on Billybingbone rd is a bumble in box

Bumble guests (Wild/Native orange) are also rare on wailwun land

these songline TinTs are special - perhaps travellers helped water them?

not far away along the BBB rd is an old Currant bush in box

Currant bush is a common guest here but not so much on wailwun country

AKA Warrior bush they have no leaves but small purple fruits

this pine guest is also rare but there is plenty of normal pine trees

Pine & Budda are invasive native species here along Billybingbone rd

The wailwun would have burnt the saplings & had much more open landscapes

wilga is also very thick over there along Billybingbone rd

Farmers are not allowed to clear invasive species so the problem multiplies

this box host looks like its been cut with a steel axe I think

this wilga in box TinT is around the corner on BBB rd heading west

the wilga guest is unusual in that in has 3 trunks rather than 1

There are only are few other CMTs here - like most songline TinTs

Peach bush TinTs are only found at wailwun/ gomilaroi camps

These few are on Billybingbone rd because the road goes thru the camp

songlines connect camps & the early white settlers followed these paths

the paths became roads which sometimes have remnant TinTs beside them

This peach bush may have suckered up through the hollow box tree

on the other side of the Billybingbone rd is another peach bush TinT

This camp has some very old trees & is quite beautiful even if it is divided by the BBB rd

I dunno if this old peach bush guest was planted or suckered up here

this borderline wilga in box TinT is near the 50:50 tree

A true songline TinT where travellers only stay overnight

back on gomilaroi land this currant bush is growing in a chainsaw cut dead eucalypt?

Wilga & Nepine double in a dead eucalypt - probably bimble box

the Nepine guest is growing out of an old coolamon

the wilga guest is growing quite high up for this guest species

This rosewood in box TinT is growing along the Cumberdoon way

I didnt know this road was a songline as well until I saw the TinTs

The Cumberdoon way runs between Walgett & Carinda - TinT country

here is a wilga in bimblebox TinT along this same road

Unlike camp TinTs the songline TinTs are not so close to water

The Cumberdoon floods frequently so this road is often closed

here is another Cumberdoon way wilga in box TinT

This pot plant style of TinT is common here too

The cental trunk is cut for some reason & the guest is planted within

here is another Cumberdoon way TinT - Currant bush in box

This guest has been here a long time as its been engulfed by the host.

this TinT is very old but has been growing here unnoticed until now

another wilga in box TinT along the Cumberdoon way

Jen & Russell & I drove along this road & didnt see any of these TinTs

Now Ive got my eye in after 3 years of experience I rarely miss them

Back to Billybingbone rd here we have a rosewood in Black box

this combo has been around awhile too thanks to the ancestors.

The bimble box is the preferred host but not available on flood plains.

This is a small boobialla in steel axe cut black box along BBB rd

could be a coolabah but not bimble box as this is heavy flooded country

Current bush in coolabah near the Ginghet rd road & bridge

this TinT was obvious because the currant bush guest is dying.

I have driven past this 100s of times but only just noticed it

wilga in box along Cumberdoon way - Wailwun

over a dozen TinTs on this road & Gungalman rd

this wilga in box TinT is closer to Gungalman rd

this box crotch is a stone axe cut stump

Where did the water come from? Long way to the Castlereagh

this TinT cluster has unusually high wilga guests

the high wilga TinT is paired with a low wilga TinT

There would have been a reason for this but its lost in the mist of time

here is the low wilga in box TinT nearby

there is a scar on the box host so technically a CMTinT

How did the people establish these guests without a water supply?

wilga in box on the Marra flood plains

again found with a pair around this old ground tank

This land has been in the Johnstone family for since 1910

here is the other wilga in box at this place - probably more there

Glen Johnstone is the model providing perspective here

without a human or dog I use my hat to show actual TinT size

this is a currant bush in a box stump at a ground tank

this pair of TinTs are couple of ks from the Macquarie river

difficult to tell if this stump is cut with a steel or stone axe

here is the pair - wilga in box. Only 3 trees here of which 2 are TinTs

The Maquarie marshes supported thousands of Aboriginal people

Thorny saltbush likes a room with a view as well. Not counted as a TinT

this wilga in box TinT along the Cumberdoon way brought tears of joy

the wilga roots have got so big they have split open the box tree trunk

luckily this box tree has split trunks & both host & guest are fine

I didnt have either of my male models for perspective so used my hat

Shame no one is interested in TinTs - this wilga in box is a doozy!

Not far from that huge wilga planted high is a huge wilga planted low

again lacking models Ive had to use my hat to show the relative size

I think this pair of massive wilga TinTs are the same age

difficult to photograph but just as impressive re guest size

what I want to know is where did the water come from to grow these?

across the rd (Cumberdoon way) is a small wilga TinT

size does not equal age remember so this guest could be older than it looks

the road splits this camp or TinT cluster as is often the case with songlines

another wilga TinT here with at least 3 branches removed with steel axe

when the branches were cut the guest would have received more light

I doubt whoever cut this box tree even noticed the little guest

beautiful old Butterbush (Gumbie Gumbie) in big Black box

There are all sorts of TinT combos along the Billybingbone rd

the gumbie gumbie / guwiirra / miyaymiyaay is a very important medicinal

the black box is also scarred making this a very special tree

unfortunately this guest wilga living along the Billybingbone rd is dead

this combo is living in a flooded area and wilgas hate wet feet

even living as a guest - wilgas die when the hosts roots are waterlogged

another TinT in this patch is a rosewood in box - bimblebox I think

there is a dead wilga beside this TinT - again killed by waterlogging

These TinTs are beside the Carinda rd just up from the Warren turn off

there is a small whitewood in box here too

whitewood reshoot like rosewood so this may be small as its died back

this group also includes another rosewood in bimblebox

this combo is on slightly higher ground but part of the cluster

TinTs are usually in pairs (especially wilga TinTs) or in same area

this is another Gumbie gumbie TinT further along the Carinda rd

this one is living in a big black box but is a similar size to the last

the black box host is a huge multi trunked affair

Indigenous medicinal - you can buy the powdered leaf online

this little guest tree is a belah (Casuarina cristata) only the 2nd found!

I dont think they like living as guests as its roots are escaping

the host is a bimblebox and its found where the Ginghet crosses BBB rd

Belah trees can be hosts & guests & ringtrees - versatile or wot?

another pair of wilga TinTs this time on the Marra ck rd

pictured beside Indig. stockman Leon Flick who works here

Leon is a fast learner and is finding other TinTs now

this pair of wilga TinTs are on a ground tank that was a natural catchment

But as Ive said over & over - looks can be deceiving ...

here is another smallish wilga in box TinT along Marra ck rd

Again there is a ground water tank nearby catching water from the plains

Hopefully Leon & I will get out on Wailwun country again one day

rosewood in coolabah TinT in Cumbul

There are many TinTs in this little paddock. I dont know why I missed it

prob. because I expect box trees to host guest trees?

your eyes tend to see what they are expecting to see ...

another TinT Ive driven past a dozen times - small wilga in box

this is because Ive been looking at 3 trunks that are woven together

there are well over 100 TinTs in this paddock 'Priest' alone

budda in steel axe cut box along Cumberdoon way

here you can see the steel axe cuts - who was wielding the axe?

water pools here from a bore drain leak - TinTs are always near water

this wilga in box is nearby - you can see the water ponding

this old box tree has been here a long time - this may not be the 1st guest?

There are many wilga TinTs in this patch of all different sizes.

here is a smaller specimen - same combo diff. size

some of the multi trunks have been cut down with a steel axe

Prob. for fence posts. This gives the guest wilga more light

small wilga in blackbox at Cuddie springs

Ive spent many hours walking around the Cuddie springs zone

Only found 2 TinTs & 2 ringtrees? Doesnt hold water that why

this butterbush in dead black box or coolabah is the 2nd TinT at C.S

this is heavy soil so no surface water unless there is very big rain

ceremony places were not always living places!

this is a butterbush growing thru a box tree at TCS

its wedged in the fork & putting down roots - maybe thats how they did it?

this is the rosewood growing in the belah tree not far away

Of the 3 belah TinT hosts - they all have different guests

the guests are wilga current bush & rosewood -

This small rosewood guest would be way older than it looks

close by is this small wilga in big box TinT - TCS

the guest wilga is growing out of a dead branch

like Allan Tighe said " planted new tree ... in the dead parts of trees ..."

You can read Allo's full quote on the home page of this website

here is the amazing emu bush in dead engraved box - TCS

there are 2 old coolamons as well on this dead host

the emu bush trunk/ root? seems to be merged/ inosculated as well

here are the circumferential engravings - see DFR blog

here is the big wilga in box stump TinT nearby. Also on last blog

These last 2 TinTs are located at the old Tennis courts

both undeniably absolutely anthropological

the hollow stump has been cut down with a stone axe as you can see

these next 2 wilga in box TinTs look about the same age

they are over the Nth western side of the TCS not at the old courts

there are 2 close together making a pair as they often do

this box host stump has also been cut down with a stone axe

here is the 2nd wilga in box TinT of the pair at the NW end

the box host has died - not recently but not decades ago either

not sure what that trunk hole is - looks like a limb was removed?

There is a ground tank nearby which would have been a water hole originally

this old box host is long dead & Im guessing the guest is a peach bush

here is the guest - peach bush lose their leaves in drought

there is a peach bush beside the TinT so possibly suckered in?

not far away in the TCS is this smallish wilga in smallish box TinT

there's something funny going on here at the host guest junction

I think these sticks are the remains of a branch (in the dead parts of tree)

this wilga in box TinT is not living in the TCS but in the next paddock

there are wilga in box TinTs in most of the Wailwan box tree swamps

there is a 2 sided coolamon tree nearby but no other TinTs here

small wilga in stump of old box tree TCS

here you can see the stump has been cut with a stone axe

This peach bush is growing in an old fence post in the TCS

you can see the old wires here - the post has been cut in situ

there is a scarred tree beside the TinP (Tree in Post) you can see in this pic

small wilga beside stump in old box - TCS

The wilga is growing beside the dead stump not in it.

the stump has been cut with a stone axe as the sides have shrunk away from the rim

this scar is caused by 1 of the split trunks breaking off.

the wilga guest is barely hanging in there - naturally occurring ?

This Belah double is definitely anthropological however.

This is the 2nd Belah host in the TCS - not a coincidence

the 2 similar sized guests are wilga and whitewood growing out of the fork

wilga seed is bird dispersed and whitewood seed is spread by wind

Simply No Way these 2 guests could have germinated & grown there naturally

tiny currant bush in box at the TCS

Could be a reshoot of an old guest? New name is Capparis anomala

roadside wilga in box along the Cumberdoon way.

this wilga TinT is part of the big Cumberdoon way cluster

There would be more TinTs around here but I dont have permission to search for them here

50:50 tree at TCS - box & wilga tree growing on top of each other

you can see the boxtree root here encircling the wilga

this view is from above looking down into the wilga/box junction

this gnarly old whitewood is hosting a current bush

Ive never seen a whitewood (Atalaya hemiglauca) host before

known as birraa to local indig. this tree also lives as a guest & can be a ringtree too

this currant bush looks older that the surrounding bushes

small rosewood in big coolabah - wallangilla

This could be a songline TinT as its further from the camp.

I will have to scout around this TinT on foot to look for CMTs

Here we have another old emu bush TinT on the Ginghet reserve

the old dead box host has a deliberate spot burn on one side

this is the 2nd old emu bush (Eremophila longifolia) TinT Ive found

a very culturally important guest in a very important place

nearby there is a wilga in box TinT in a steel axe cut crotch

the epicormic shoots of the host have been cut diagonally?

I dunno why they were cut in this fashion but Ive seen it before on Wailwun country

another wilga in box TinT here at the Ginghet reserve but the host is dead

you can see the main trunk has been cut down using a stone axe

the host has tried to recover by sending out epicormic shoots but failed

another wilga in spot burnt & scarred old box in the Ginghet reserve

these ground level TinTs are hard to call - are they inside the trunk or not?

further south near the twin tanks is a group of peach bush TinTs

this one is planted in a deliberate stone axe cut box tree crotch

the guest may be small but I think its been there a long time!

this is a tiny peach bush at ground level in a burnt boxtree stump

the stump is a CMT - both scarred & internally burnt

here is another tiny peach bush living in a live box tree nearby

it's located in the fork between the box trunk & epicormic shoot.

this burnt scarred multi trunked box tree has 2 guests

the guests are nepine (Capparis lasiantha) & probably rosewood or emu bush

unknown dead guest in big scarred box tree in the Ginghet reserve

the dead guest is very sticky - possibly an old thorny saltbush?

the old box tree is culturally scarred as well.

here's a closer look - shrub habit not a tree habit for sure

there is a shallow swamp in the G.R that has fascinating TinTs like this

the pot plant style of TinT always involve wilga guests I think.

wilga seed is difficult to germinate but the ancestors had ways & means

the host 'pot' has been cut with a stone axe a long time ago

this aged peach bush was also planted in a box tree a long time ago

the peach bush is flowering atm- this was an INDISPENSIBLE TREE

this could be a new guest species -Eremophila deserti

commonly known as Turkey bush - it looks quite similar to budda

This is also Eremophila deserti I think growing conventionally beside the TinT

Dr Jen Silcock recommends the crush & sniff test for Eremophilas!

Nearby is a standard sort of wilga in multitrunked box TinT

The wilga guest is small & elongated is because its struggling for light

Dont judge its age by its size - if 1 trunk falls it with thrive - Ginghet reserve

every now & then you come across a "WoW" TinT like this in the G.R

Only the 3rd Belar TinT but the biggest by far & fully grown.

The host is a very old boxtree stump and long dead.

this stump has had limbs removed all round with a steel axe

In a belah/box mixed dry sclerophyll forest beside the Ginghet flood plain

another small but old peach bush TinT in the Ginghet reserve

the stone axe cut box stumps show its anthropogenic origins

here is another wilga in old box TinT in the shallow ephemeral swamp.

the anthropological origins of this TinT is proven by the patch burn

some wailwun person has cauterised what looks like a ringbarking attempt?

Who scarred this boxtree host? Was this tree 'rung' or culturally scarred?

small rosewood in coolabah in northernmost Telinebone swamp

this runted rosewood's trunk is all twisted as it searches for light

enough light for growth has only become available when 1 of the trunks fell

big wilga guest in a V.old double trunked box & pine aggregate

This old TinT lives on a sand slice in a neighbouring property

the wilga guest has a diameter similar to my hat - approx 30 cm

there's an old pine tree beside this combo too - possibly by design.

not far from the pine/ wilga/ box aggregation is this supplejack TinT

closer in you can see the box/ supplejack junction and a new shoot

this shoot is part of the supplejack's natural vine type growth pattern

This beacon TinT is on the edge of the neighbour's sand slice

another wilga TinT in the sand slice with prominent epicormic shoots

you may notice the wilga guest is not entirely within the box host

1 wilga root has grown into the surrounding soil having a bet each way!

nearby is a small peach bush TinT living in a see through box tree

this guest may well have suckered into this old box tree

or it may have been planted there & has died off then reshot

This is a smallish bumble growing in a largish multi trunked box

I think the bumble is much older than it size suggests

here is the junction where it has been planted in an old scar

another wilga in box TinT in the neighbour's sand slice

a medium sized wilga in a medium sized 3 trunked box

the original trunk has been removed & these are the epicormic shoots

this is a tiny whitewood (birraa) guest in a very old box aggregate

originally 1 box tree but the epicormic shoots have taken over

the tiny whitewood guest is also a reshoot I think & its struggling

Here is another whitewood guest but this one is huge

I came across this TinT mustering in Avon. A V.old songline TinT

the coolabah host was rung & killed around 130 to 140 years ago

another songline TinT - supplejack in box along the Avon/ B.C xfence

again possibly older than its size suggests - we will never know ..

wilga in leopardwood TinT in Avon revisit - guest growing but host is dead

about 20 ks S/West of Avon in the neighbour's sand slice is a rosewood TinT

rosewood guests sometimes kill their hosts like this one here

you can see its growing in a hollow box stump here like a pot plant

this box host is also dead - it has been burnt out from the inside

here is the small boobialla guest - possibly a reshoot

another whitewood guest in the sand slice also possibly a reshoot

the box host is thriving - birraa dont kill their hosts like rosewood

typical mid tree wilga TinT - I can spot them a mile off

located just out of the sand slice and near the catchment tank/ dam

The box host has been selected & prepared for its role as host tree.

nearby on the tank bank is an exceptionally high double TinT

I think the thorny saltbush & currant bush guests are in the same crotch

so high up its hard to see - thorny saltbush not counted as a guest normally

the box tree host has been poisoned but survived - tough mudders!

mum & wilga in stone axe cut stump with scorch marks.

in this pic you can see the faded cultural burn marks

and here are the uneven layers typical of stone axe chopping

this important TinT is found near the Wilga Vale house tank

nearby is this big old wilga in box - internally burnt this time.

this pic shows where the wilga guest emerges from the burnt interior.

I think there are 3 boxtree trunks & 2 wilga trunks here

old guest in an old host cultivated by an ancient people on an ancient riverbed

the 3rd wilga TinT in this awesome foursome is the smallest

size does not = age with TinTs as light is often a limiting factor.

there is another wilga in this aggregate prob. not related to the guest

the boxtree trunks you see are the epicormic shoots off the old tree

this wilga TinT is so old there is only a rim left on the box host trunk WV

from the distance it looks like a normal box/wilga cluster not a TinT

up close you can see its cultural origins - similar age to the other 3 TinTs I think

4 old wilga in box TinTs within 100 mts of each other & the water source

This is a wilga in Blackbox TinT near the neighbour's sandslice

there are very few black box here - only bimble box & coolabah but ..

As we know wilga were not planted in or refused to grow in coolabah hosts

This shows that TinTs are cultural OR that hosts & guests communicate

less than a K away is this wilga in box TinT - may have had multiple guests?

you can see 2 dead shoots here as well in multiple crotches

this is a songline TinT but I dont know the water source yet

this is another wilga TinT not far away but the guest is dead

there are multiple crotches on this box host as well

many wilgas are dying now even those living as guests in box trees

this one hasnt been dead that long as it still has bark on the trunk

bumble/ Wild orange/ Capparis Mitchellii in box aggregate WW

bumble has been broken off & box has been poisoned - such is life

bumble has been broken off & box has been poisoned - such is life

A tiny wilga guest & some sedge at the boredrain tail out in Wilga vale

most of the boxtrees in this swamp have been killed by artesian water leakage

another camp on this very old river course & another tiny wilga guest

the bimblebox stump was cut with a steel axe & has 3 reshoots - 2 dead now

I think this was the old river before the Ginghet before the Macquarie

another very small guest at this camp but its dead - likely a wilga

At the Wilga Vale house tank the wilga guests are big?

a few ks away all the wilga guests are tiny - WHY IS THIS SO?

you can see this looks like a double guest TinT but its not really

the 2nd guest is a bimblebox reshoot from a steel axe cut stump

another wilga in box TinT at this camp - bigger but not very old

another wilga in box TinT at this camp - bigger but not very old

currant bush in coolabah and Billy

a common combo but due to the guest living at ground level may be natural not cultural

Currant bush in box near the Ginghet in Minoru - G.N.R

This is the first time Ive been down along this section of the Ginghet

Promises to be promising to say the least - the GNR is free for all

wilga in Black box in a shallow swamp near the Ginghet in Minoru

Ive seen these same diagonal steel axe cuts at the old tennis courts

There will be plenty more TinTs to find here - only 6000 acres to walk thru

this small wilga in multitrunked box is living at the Wilga Vale house tank

also part of the GNR and 1 of 6 TinTs at the old house tank camp

This is the only non wilga TinT at the Wilga Vale house tank camp

its a small Butterbush (Gumbie gumbie) in a big multitrunked box

there is also an old butterbush beside/ inside the bib box

I would say the 2 are connected underground in some way

north of the tank there are some unusual trees including this BinT

the guest bush is Pimelea microcephala - a powerful medicinal

There is no phone reception here so the geo coordinates are an educated guess

small wilga in small box surrounded by invasive pine at Cumborah

this TinT is much older than it looks - stunted due to overcrowding

its possible this is a double guest TinT - will get back soon to check

I think this is the main Gali gurranaa camp at the Cumborah springs

nearby is this small pine tree in box crotch - again stunted

you can see the stone axe cut stump beside the guest in this pic

view from above with Hudson pear cactus behind ruining the ridges

wonderful high old peach bush in Box TinT at this camp as well

there is little subsoil on this hard red ridge so grew peach bush as guests?

We need to know more about the cultural uses of Peach bush

can anybody help? Only need 1 university to step up

plain wilga in box TinT at Gali gurranaa - commonest guest now

guest is growing where the central trunk used to be - related I think

did they plant the guest to replace the trunk?

you can see 1 root searching for water/ nutrients out from the host here

although it doesnt look exciting this TinT is unique & incredible

I think its a triple TinT with mature but dead guests

the box host is still alive but the crotch holding the guests is dead

here are the 2 known guests - the rosewood could be a wilga maybe

the unknown guest looks like a dead supplejack but not quite

this looks like a platter scar but when you get closer its a TinT as well

all good camps include Peach bush even if they have to in inside box trees

I would say the wild goats keep eating the peach bush guest

which is why its small & almost leaf less - Cumborah the home of goats & cactus

this wilga in box TinT is between the Narran & the Bokhara rivers

This is very interesting sandy camp with some very old scarred trees

Ive only found 2 TinTs here so far but suspect there will be more

here is the other TinT - peach bush suckering inside box double

there are many peach bush clusters here so the guest could have suckered in

Peach bush loves sand but I think they grew it in other soils too

little wilga in big belar tree 20 mts from a bigger wilga in broken belah

This little wilga guest hasnt grown as much as its neighbour but is the same age

if one or more of the belar host's branches break off it will catch up

this is the neighbouring wilga in belar already recorded some years ago

2 wilga's in 2 belahs 2gether in a swamp - GNR weilwun pairs

a few other small wilga in box TinTs between the swamp & the tank

There is no phone service here so no GEOTAGS on these TinTs

another similar TinT between the swamp & the Wilga vale house tank

had to estimate the GPS position on google earth for these TinTs

also a small peach bush in box TinT always 'de rigueur' in the camps

planted or suckered in? If they are not growing normally, they will be guests in TinTs

another small wilga in box further up around the Wilga vale rubbish tips

wilga & box together as TinTs or clusters. Bush companions 4eva

back at the yard swamp there is a bumble growing in a big blackbox

its possible this blackbox was rung years ago or debarked by the weilwun

the bumble guest has been there awhile & there are many TinTs in this swamp

across the fence is another TinT that looks a similar age

typical wilga in old box tree but the crotch has been burnt as well

see in this closer pic - was the wilga planted to replace the burnt trunk?

now at first glance this looks like a typical little wilga in box TinT in the GNR

however, inside the boxtree crotch is a clay oven ball

obviously, the box crotch/ faceless coolamon has shrunk over time

from the side you can also see this box host has a wider base?

away from the swamp there is a peach bush suckered thru box tree

you can see the beach bush pushing thru a crack in the box trunk

easily missed is this tiny currant bush making this TinT technically a double.

Back on Gingie Micaela Hambrett & I found a small LEOPARDWOOD TinT - YAY

Leopardwood TinTs are rare - I know of only 4 & 1 of these is lost

still in its juvenile form growing in a small box tree at the Stud camp

the 'Full house' also lives at this camp as well as many gargaloo VinTs

there is VinT / TinT combo nearby as well with wild jasmine & baby wilga

there are 3 separate crotches on this box host - will keep an eye on it

I think this little wilga guest is a baby memorial near the GNR

I say that because of this low coolamon nearby that commemorates an infant death

the wilga guest is only small but may have been there awhile

there is also an adjacent spot burn- not a camp but a burial I think

there is a shallow box swamp in this paddock with 2 wilga TinTs as well

both TinTs have similar sized wilga guests & are about 30 mtrs apart

there is a shallow box swamp in this paddock as well with 2 wilga TinTs

the weilwun definitely like their TinTs IN PAIRS - why I wonder?

Yuwaalayaay style of TinT at Gali gurranaa is slightly different

This guest in the scar type of TinT is less common at murra-manaarr

Also the wilga guests like this one are smaller - could be the soil?

here is another nearby example of a small wilga in box TinT

The conventional wilga beside this TinT is younger than the guest

REMEMBER - size does not = age with TinTs as they come & go

this small peach bush guest looks dead but will it do a Lazarus?

you can tell it's a Peach bush by the bark visible thru the stump crack

this peach bush guest is dead too, not sure whats happened to them

I can guarantee the dead stump was a bimble box - its the only eucalypt here

this wilga in box guest is a bit bigger but not like the Gingie ones

The red rocky soil is probably not as fertile but some of trees were huge!

Again, I think this wilga guest is way older than it looks ..

SIMPLY THE BEST - astonishing Gali gurranaa triple mature guests in one old boxtree.

Pretty sure this next TinT is a Peach bush in box but leaves are very big?

Possibly a Quinine in box? The yuwaalayaay quinine trees are a bit different

But the bark looks funny - quinine trees have very deep furrowed bark

ancient bumble in box south of the wells - living treasure

small peach bush in box between the well & billabong TB

pop up peach bush guests come & go depending on season

big pine tree in pine stump - reshoot or guest? TB

dunno how I missed this butterbush/ gumbie gumbie in box?

thought it might be yellow berry bush but Sandra provided I.D

at the culvert camp in TB - some quinine guests have died here

check out this euahlayi / yuwaalayaay wilga in box TinT near Cumborah

some stunning TinTs around Cumborah due to the permanent water

same as murra-manaarr on the Barwon to Narran lakes songline

I will find more around Cumborah when I find the time to look

unknown dead guest in live box in stud paddock

I dunno what this is but its not a bimble box reshoot

the stump in front has been stone axe cut as well by the looks of it

lovely wavey wood patterns - does anyone recognize this species?

peach bush in box in stump GG/ Gingie rd

As Allo said - they planted a new tree in the 'dead' parts of an old tree

Peach bush needs to be analysed in a lab - cant get anyone to help

dying budda in box also on the Gingie rd songline near Cumborah

looks like wilga in this pic as there's a wilga tree behind the budda TinT

there are lots of budda (Eremophila mitchellii) TinTs around here

this is small wilga in box crotch on the Gingie rd songline

the box host has 4 trunks - because the original one was removed

Like many guests this little wilga is way older than it looks

The wilga guest in this songline TinT is planted very low

wilga guests dont seem to mind where they are positioned on their hosts

glad I spotted this Gingie rd TinT, its as cute as they come

this guest is dead but given its location, I expect it was budda

the soil inside the box host would be the same PH as that outside

looks like rosewood bark to me but its the wrong soil type & PH

Another songline / Gingie rd small wilga TinT

this one is struggling with the conditions - dead shoots & die back

way older than the size suggests but position is too shady I think

here is a very rare non eucalypt host with a tiny wilga guest.

I carefully broke off some leaves to smell - definitely wilga

there is one leopardwood ringtree & a few WWWs here as well

I was wondering why there were no guests living in WWWs ???

Meanwhile back at Gali gurranaa camp, another 17 new TinTs

this wilga guest is living in the side of a big box scar

I used to call these CMTinTs (Culturally Modified Trees in Trees)

now all TinTs go together in 2 archives & Im out of space in both

this is a Peach bush TinT very similar to another across the road

possibly the same age but its hard to tell? has some visible die back

this is what the peach bush looks like inside the box tree crotch

the guest inside this live box tree is dead but Im guessing its budda

at first I thought these dead guests were rosewood

but rosewood doesnt grow up here - thanks Charlie for that insight

of all the Gali gurranaa TinTs this is the most spectacular

Pimelea microcephala growing in a RINGTREE - rare as hens teeth

Ive only seen 2 other TinTs that are also Ringtrees

what an amazing people the yuwaalaray/ yuwaaliyaay were !!!!

this is a double dead TinT at the Gali gurranaa camp

you can inside the guest is quite small compared to the host

this combo has been down/dead a long time - we will never know how long

this guest is long dead too but the huge box host is hanging in there

I suspect its another budda that has reached its use by date

the dead guest is dwarfed by the huge box crotch

about 20 mts away is a double guest TinT but the pine guest has died

the bumble guest is alive as is the box tree host

this is what the crotch looks like - crowded & running out of dirt

very old wilga in dead box near Gulargambone

one half of the huge wilga guest has broken off & fallen

here you can see the wilga root system inside the dead box stump

meanwhile back at Gingie a sneaky currant bush TinT that has escaped notice

this bimblebox crotch has been cut with a stone axe a long time ago

Telinebone is full of TinTs because many people have lived there

I found this dead centre guest last weekend along the Ginghet

not 100% sure its a TinT as the dead wood looks similar to box timber?

possibly rung 140 yrs ago & its grown up around the dead centre?

this big supplejack is living at Gali gurrunaa camp near Cumborah

the old split box tree has broken away giving the supplejack more light

the supplejack would have started as a vine in the centre of the box host

many of the GG camp guests are dead - old age probably

this dead guest is very sticky but the bark looks like budda or wilga

its possible there are 2 dead guests in here - multiples were popular at GG

here is a small wilga guest in a multitrunked box host GG camp

I think the dead tree beside the TinT is the parent wilga snapped off

I think the parent wilga has fallen out of the box crotch & the guest has reshot

about 20 mtrs away is another old TinT with a dead unknown guest

Possibly wilga? but the guest has been dead a long time & is breaking up

here's the dead guest's root system seen thru a coolamon at the base of the box host

completing the trifecta about 20 mtrs away is another dead guest TinT

I think this is a dead bumble/ wild orange/ Capparis mitchellii

These 3 TinTs form a triangle approx 20X20X60 metres apart

a little further on is a big wilga in box host with an unusual crotch

half the host appears missing & the guest is tucked into old crotch

from behind its a dead giveaway if youve seen as many TinTs as I have

this wilga guest isnt very big but I can guarantee its older than it looks

The wilga has been forced to grow out at right angles searching for light

the box crotch would funnel water to the guest & humus from leaf & stick decay

little is known of th e parsonsia lanceeolata vine but its a cultural planting

the vine is growing inside a box scar & a tiny wilga is on the outside

Ive seen about 4 of these vines only at the best camps - translocated

this is a peach bush in box stump also translocated

There are half a doz or so peach bush Tints at gali gurranaa

another small peach bush TinT close by. I think the feral goats have trimmed them up

boring but culturally important. This is the 900th TinT I have found btw

this is a scarred peach bush TinT at the Gali gurranaa camp

feral goats have chewed the guest back so the branches are bare

here is a big wilga in broken scarred box at GG camp

there was no geotag on these 2 TinTs so I have to guess location

embedded Long/Lat data is dependent on mob. phone service

dead unknown multibranched tree in old scarred box GG

dunno what this "sticky" guest was? Possibly budda?

All the guests of this 'habit' seem to be dead at gali gurannaa camp

shrubs dont count as guests according to Jen Silcock - I think many are

She classes many of the small guests as natural but size doesnt = age

I know this small wilga in box is cultural because 1 - location